Showing posts with label Brazil. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Brazil. Show all posts

Wednesday, February 18, 2026

Kruse's Key: Read "Before the Night Comes" to be Horrified and then Inspired to Join the Fight

I first learned about Matt Roper’s work through a friend who is setting up an American arm of Meninadanca to help fundraise and spread awareness about child prostituion/trafficking problem along Brazil’s 2800 mile long BR-116 highway. To date he’s written 4 books about his decades-long journey to set up “Pink Houses” in towns along this highway.  These safe houses are more than that but become lighthouses for young girls who previously had no hope.  


I was recently disturbed to find out that the age of consent in Brazil is only 14 years old!  This legal statute (further) complicates prosecution of sex traffickers and criminals.  As author/journalist/founder Matt Roper discovers, the entire legal system is rigged against these exploited girls who are routinely abused and taken advantage of by older men in these small towns, some who “marry” them or take them as a girlfriend. Roper’s NGO has to fight the cultural norms that find these circumstances acceptable on a daily basis. When one father brings his daughter’s case to the town police sergeant, explaining that his 13-year old daughter is living with a man who beats and routinely rapes her–the police sergeant responded: “she’s got a roof over her head, food on the table, and someone who likes her. You should be glad she’s not on the streets causing trouble like so many other girls her age.” 


These cultural norms come from generations of exploitation and poverty that are so engrained that mothers and grandmothers force their 10, 11, 12 year old girls out to the dangerous truck stops at night to prostitute themselves to bring home a few dollars.  Many of these girls end up in gangs, addicted to drugs, severely injured, and in many cases killed/murdered.


With so many miles of highway, it can all seem insurmountable but progress is being made with each additional Pink House funded and each court case won.  Due to a generous donor, Meninadanca was able to recently hire a legal team to fight the court cases. The book is powerful reminder that EVERY girl has invaluable worth and is WORTH fighting for.  If you’d like to get involved, please shoot me an email, comment or clink on the link!


My review of Matt Roper’s first book is here. 


The KruZoo- Allons-y!: Kruse's Key: Read "Street Girls: Hope on the Streets of Brazil" and have your heart broken and then inspired


Read more here:

https://meninadanca.org/

https://www.instagram.com/meninadanca/

https://www.facebook.com/meninadanca/

Matt Roper's Other Books:

Before the Night Comes (2024)

Highway to Hell: The Roads Where Childhoods Are Stolen (2013)

Remember Me, Rescue Me (2003)

Looking for book ideas?  

Check out our readings lists from 2025, 2024, 2023, 2022, 2021, 2020, 2019, 2018, 2017, 2016, 2015 and 2014  

Page 136 Transcription: "Most disturbing, though, was hearing the subject of child sexual exploitation spoken with such triviality in the front door natter I overheard in the street. I’d often hear mentioned how someone had taken their daughter or niece on a trip with them, inferring that it was so they didn’t need to pay for the ride, or could exchange her for accommodation or food. Mothers grumbling about how disappointed they were with their daughters, not because they hadn’t done their schoolwork or had stayed out past their bedtimes, but because they weren’t bringing home as much money as they were expected to." 

Context: Roper observes the normalization of child exploitation along the BR-116, where children are often treated as family commodities or currency for basic needs.


Page 137 Transcription: "Incredibly, the desk sergeant, after listening to the father’s pleas, put a hand on his shoulder and tried to reassure him that there was nothing wrong with his 13-year-old daughter cohabiting with her rapist. 'She’s got a roof over her head, food on the table, and someone who likes her,' he said. 'You should be glad that she’s not on the street causing trouble like so many other girls her age.”

My annotation:  horrible

Context: This interaction highlights the systemic failure of local law enforcement to protect minors, viewing abusive cohabitation as a preferable alternative to homelessness.


Page 137 (continued) Transcription: "Oh yes, the man and the girl, they sometimes show up at church together. It’s a bit strange, isn’t it, I mean, the age difference. But he’s an upright man who pays his tithe faithfully." 

Annotation: wow

Context: A local pastor prioritizes a member's financial contributions to the church over the moral crisis of the child he is exploiting.


Page 156 Transcription: "In early 2014 Chris Rogers, a BBC newsreader I knew from my time in London, got in touch, asking me if I could help with a documentary he was making for the channel’s flagship..." 

Context: This marks the beginning of Roper's collaboration with international media to bring global attention to the "exploitation highway" ahead of the World Cup.


Page 159 Transcription: "...hour-long Panorama special, called ‘Brazil: In The Shadow of the Stadiums’, aired on BBC1 a week before the start of the World Cup – with, to my surprise, my name credited as ‘field producer’ in the closing titles – it was the first" Context: The documentary successfully exposed the contrast between Brazil's multi-billion dollar stadium investments and the extreme vulnerability of children in the surrounding regions.


Page 162 Transcription: "'It happens all the time,' one woman told us as she washed her smalls in a metal basin." 

Context: This conversation in Cândido Sales serves as a catalyst for the Pink House’s expansion, as locals confirm that disappearances are a frequent, ignored reality.


Page 163 Transcription: "Back in Medina, among those girls who were bravely taking hold of their own destiny was Maria Lúcia, now 13 and a mother to a newborn daughter. She had always been fiercely loyal to her ‘husband’, a man in his forties who had groomed then raped her..."

 Context: Maria Lúcia’s transition from a victim of grooming to an advocate highlights the mission of the Pink House: empowering girls to break cycles of generational abuse.


Page 166 Transcription: "The scene ended up being one of the most powerful moments in Lytannya’s film, called Esta Vida (This Life). 'I was at my cousin’s house and I went to sleep with my sisters,' remembered Alicia quite matter-of-factly. 'Then some guys came in and raped me. Simply that. They burst in, raped me'" 

Context: Alicia’s matter-of-fact delivery in the documentary Esta Vida underscores how trauma has become an expected, everyday occurrence for many girls in this environment.


Page 187 Transcription: "It was a huge victory, and historic too – the first time anyone had been convicted of violence against a child in the town." 

Context: While a historic legal win, Roper reflects on the insufficiency of a single conviction against a century and a half of entrenched cultural abuse.


Page 200 Transcription: "and some of the girls were as young as 11. He also revealed that, as well as the raffles, one establishment organised weekly bingo nights, with the girls put up as prizes paraded before players before the games began." 

Annotation: horrid

Context: The "horrid" public commodification of children via raffles and bingo illustrates the absolute lack of community protection for the vulnerable.


Page 209 Transcription: "I was only 10 when he raped me. He destroyed so many lives. From my time, just the girls I knew who he abused, there were more than 50." Context: A victim named Samantha describes the mass-scale abuse perpetrated by Joel Cruz, showing how one predator can devastate dozens of lives with impunity.


Page 256 Transcription: "She told how her father, a clandestine gemstone miner, would pass her around his colleagues when she was just 11. How she was only able to go to school because those men would give her books and school supplies in exchange for doing what they wanted with her. ... they were all outwardly upright and respected men in town, community leaders, shop owners, church-goers, family men." 

Context: Julia’s story highlights a double betrayal: by her father for survival and by the "respected" men of the community who exploited her.


Page 299 Transcription: "that even 10-year-olds were not safe." 

Context: During a meeting with company representatives, this realization serves as the "last straw" for advocates fighting against the abuse perpetrated by migrant workers.


Page 311 Transcription: "finally understanding they were no longer alone." 

Context: The introduction of a dedicated legal team (Pryscilla, Luisa, and Antonio) gave the girls their first sense of belonging to a system that actually valued their rights.


Page 312 Transcription: "How can you offer hope to young victims of abuse and sexual exploitation without also giving them the one thing that would truly set them free – justice?" 

Context: Roper concludes that social services alone are insufficient; systemic legal accountability is the necessary "missing piece" for true liberation.


Page 328 Transcription: "flagship Sunday night news programme entitled The Exploitation Highway in which they showcased the work of the Pink Houses" 

Context: National recognition via Brazil’s second-largest network, Rede Record, helped bring the issue to the forefront of the Brazilian public consciousness.


Page 329 Transcription: "ential think tank, the Jose Luiz Egydio Setubal Foundation in São Paulo, placed us among the 10 most innovative social projects in Brazil. ... the dam of the Brumadinho iron ore mine ... had suddenly burst, unleashing a devastating river of sludge that had engulfed everything in its path, killing 270 people and poisoning rivers for hundreds of miles around. ... as reconstruction efforts brought thousands of male workers to the region, they began to see another sinister consequence ... many already bereaved and traumatised young girls falling victim to sexual exploitation." Context: Philanthropic recognition allowed the Pink House to respond to the Brumadinho disaster, where an influx of reconstruction workers created a new environment for exploitation among traumatized survivors.


Page 331 Transcription: "Their idea, Elisa explained, was to train up their drivers to become ‘agents of protection’ on the motorways, who would know how to report and intervene when they saw children being trafficked or exploited. ... they would start with their own 7,000-strong workforce, but their intention was to roll this out to many thousands of other truck drivers over the coming years." 

Context: A massive shift in strategy involving Grupo SADA, training thousands of truckers to act as protectors rather than participants in the exploitation cycle.


Page 333 Transcription: "But there was even more to come. Soon after, we received an invitation to speak about the plight of girls on the BR-116 in the British Parliament. ... later that year, with our fifth Pink House already up and running ... I watched Rany, Moany and Maluiza move a roomful of politicians and dignitaries to tears. The three girls were from Cândido Sales, a place where we had faced so much hostility and opposition." 

Context: In October 2023, survivors from Cândido Sales stood in the UK Houses of Parliament, transforming from victims into international advocates for change.

References & Further Reading


 

Thursday, November 27, 2025

Kruse's Key: Read "Street Girls: Hope on the Streets of Brazil" and have your heart broken and then inspired

Street Girls is British author/journalist Matt Roper's first of four books highlighting the child-trafficking and child-prostitution problem in Brazil. Rather than an extensive review I've typed out verbatim the contents of one letter from a street girl that Matt worked with through MeninaDancaThe book is filled with letters like this--heartbreaking tales of young girls--many pushed into prostitution by their families as pre-teens.                                                                                                                                    

My name is Gislaine.  My name used to be Sofia, before I left the streets.  I lived on the streets for many years, since the age of six. I ran away from home because my father used to beat up my mother, and beat me up as well. I became bitter, revolted with my life.  I left my home and went into the world, at just six years old. At first I stayed on the streets of my home town, Governador Valadares, sniffing paint thinner.  

My mother went and found me on the streets, and took me home.  But my father carried on beating me up, so I ran away again.  This time I went to Vitoria. 

 It was a big city, near the sea. I got to know the street kids there, and they taught me how to smoke cannabis. I was seven years old. From there, I took the train to Belo Horizonte.

It was in Belo Horizonte that I began to steal. The other kids egged me on. I used the money to buy food and cannabis. Then I learned how to smoke crack. The first time I smoked crack, I felt on top of the world. But only for the first time.

Smoking crack made me want to steal more and more. Everything for crack. I became completely addicted. I couldn’t stop myself. My life was out of control. I would steal 100, 200, 300 reals a day, and spend it all on crack. Sometimes I would buy clothes for myself, but I could not manage to keep the clothes. I would sell them all and buy crack.

Crack was a big illusion. It made me paranoid, afraid, petrified. When I was smoking it, I would think that the police were coming to get me. After I came down, I would become desperate to smoke more. I would sell anything, my clothes, my shoes, jewellery; whatever I had. After I had sold everything, I would go back into the city to steal. I thought that I would always be like this, that crack would not do me any harm.

Crack did not let me keep my daughter. I walked away from her, because of the drugs. I lost another baby when I was four months pregnant. I smoked drugs, without stopping, in the hot sun. I became ill, and lost my baby.

Never again will I let crack ruin my life, steal my happiness. I will never let my baby go. Only when he gets married. I will keep him close to me until then.

I lost my childhood and my adolescence on the streets. There is nothing good about the streets, nothing at all. If there was, I would still be there today. After I started using crack, my life got worse and worse. I was only interested in smoking and stealing. Nothing else mattered, not even my own flesh and blood.

I want to build a better life for myself. Before, I was always ill, always gasping for air. Now, I feel well. I am breathing and sleeping properly. Before, I would hardly sleep at all. I thank Uncle Matt for all the love he has shown me. He would go into the drug den at Holy Mary and find me, tell me that God could help me. No-one else had the courage to do that. I am sure that, now, things will work out for me.


Read more here:

https://meninadanca.org/

https://www.instagram.com/meninadanca/

https://www.facebook.com/meninadanca/

Matt Roper's Other Books:

Before the Night Comes

Highway to Hell: The Roads Where Childhoods Are Stolen

Remember Me, Rescue Me

Looking for book ideas?  

Check out our readings lists from 20252024202320222021202020192018201720162015 and 2014  

Monday, April 21, 2025

Kruse's Keys: Read "A Death in Brazil" to Learn About the Origins of the Brazilian Political System

Looking for book ideas? Check out our 2024,  202320222021202020192018201720162015 and 2014 reading lists!

An Australian author writing a travelogue/memoir/ investigative journalism-ish on Brazil–why not?

Published in 2004, in the second year of Lula’s long-fought-for-presidency, “A Death in Brazil” delves in the background of Brazil’s first popularly elected president Fernando Collor de Mello and the murder of his campaign treasurer/criminally corrupt money launderer Paulo Cesar Cavalcanti de Farias (known as “PC")--that’s the obvious death in Brazil. In telling the story of Fernando and PC’s rise he contrasts it with current President Lula’s populist ascension and ambitiously lays it all across a selected violent history of Brazil–that’s the broader metaphorical death in Brazil.

Author Peter Robb's talent shines through in his ability to weave his own travelogue narrative with the history of various cities and people groups in Brazil. For the uninitiated reader, he offers a strong argument that the geographic segmentation and division between northeast (nordeste) and the South (particularly the Sao Paulo financial center) is not only a historical fact but a continued blight on Brazil’s ability to grow, democratize and modernize as a country.

Aside from the straight forward politics and history, other noteworthy anecdotes include his history of Globo’s rise and its incredible reach, role and influence in Brazil's modern history and politique writ large. What has stuck with me most, however, was his insight that “Brazilians expected little of their leaders and even less of the mob in Congress.” This observation came as he examined the lurid and sordid details of PC and Fernando’s political machinations and the author was hopeful that this “truth” would start to change with Lula’s election but sadly this is an outlook that many Brazilians still hold two decades later (just read through any recent polling data). This outlook also stems from a seemingly absurd but accepted mixture here in Brazil of realpolitik and laissez-faire–captured in the maxim rouba mas faz–meaning “he’s a thief but gets things done.”


Notes: 

4 History of military dictatorship.  Almost 20 years. Most of Brazil’s democratic 

leaders left the country. No guerilla warfare. But by 80’s the generals clearly lacked the expertise to manage such a large economy. 1979 very small Worker’s Party forms.  2003 City of God emblematic of larger corruption and violence and used real people as the actors.

14-15 City of Sao Paulo–lacks Rio’s glamour but has the sex, drugs and violence 

cornered. For centuries was a backwoods cattle town.  Coffee boom transformed the city. Slavery ended and there is where bulk of European immigrants arrived. 1M Italians, 100’s of thousands from Portugal, Japan, Syria, Germany.  4th largest city in the world–def top 10.  Sao Paulo has more private helos than any other city in the world, more armored limos and cars, more armed private security…and more desperation.

15-16 NE.  The Nordeste is seen as a problem. It’s maintained its 

backward history in a way that Rio and SP gobbled up as they expanded.  Past the resort facades much of it is frozen in the past.  Interior NE is bare and dry–inhospitable

17-18 Recife.  Easternmost pt. of Brazil.  Built on river delta islands.  Its harbor is 

protected by a natural reef–hence its name.  Founded by the Dutch.

26-29 Gilberto Freyre, Masters and Slaves Comes amidst Getulio Vargas 1930’s 

Dictatorship. This was a insider’s expose on Brazi’s slave plantation past, “patriarchial tyranny”.  Called out NE as the birth place of Brazil unique and wonderful culture–specifically keying in the sordid sexual sins of the slave holders.  Before this, most Brazilians were wholly ignorant of the NE history. “Gilberto’s work leaves us all more Brazilian.”  –Amado.  

34-35 Banghe multiple meanings in the regional context: hammock where slave 

masters had sex with slaves, also a stretch to carry away dead slave bodies, also the trough where rawhide was washed and tanned. 

39-43 Lula and workers party Fernando and the 1st votes.  A “brazilian battler”.  Taken 

to Sao Paulo as a kid, shined shoes, sold peanuts.  Started as metal worker union leader, then Worker’s Party leader (itself a large cluster or voices ranging from revolutionary Marxists to social democrats).  Never very ideological himself or even intellectually curious.  He had an ability to connect with his audience in a very intimate way about practical solutions to their problems.  In 1989, he lost Brazil’s first presidential election since the dictatorship but came close–losing to Fernando Collor De Mello.  This winner was the guy the ruling elite and money chose to represent them and to keep their power concentrated. 

43-44 Workers party elevation. Anthem was “Our Star is Going to Shine”

45 Why Lulu lost in ‘89.  Lula lost because of his image at that time.  Small, stumpy 

bearded backward Nordestino.  Not a smooth portuguese speaker…not someone most Brazilians could be proud to have represent them on the world stage.

49 Paulo Cesar Cavalcanti de Farias. PC Farias.  He was Fernando’s campaign 

treasurer and instrumental in his victory.  He had $60M leftover after the election from donations.. This became a slush fund for Fernando and PC that was siphoned through offshore accounts etc. 

58 Brazil’s “discovery”--Pedro Cabral left Lisbon with a huge fleet in 1500 headed to 

Asia. After looking for a lost ship IVO Cape Verde, they drifted and got lost and ended up on the coast of Brazil.  Specifically in Bahia (later named Porto Seguro).  

65 Origin of Rio de Janeiro name.  Portuguese Goncalo Coelho sailed into a huge 

bay that the indigenous people called Guanabara.  He thought it was the mouth of a giant river and since it was 1 january 1502–he called Rio de Janeiro.  This was the beginning of the end for the Tupi and Guarani tribes.

76 Globo soap opera as reflection of a society based on non-confrontation.  The 

soaps lacked normal dramatic elements like tension, conflict and resolution.  Instead it chose the opposite.

77 Power of Globo and its president Roberto Marinho can’t be overstated.  “I might 

be fighting with my army minister, but I won’t be fighting with Roberto Marinho”

78 Problem in 89 election was that no one alive had ever democratically elected a 

president.

82 Manioc = Mani’s house in Tupi.  This comes from a convoluted legend where a 

Tupi tribal leader’s daughter has a white baby (but has a dream where a white man says it was immaculate conception).  The baby’s name was Mani but she died after a year. They buried her beneath her own house.  From that spot up came a new plant never seen before with flowers and fruit. They dug up the root, they saw that it was white and growing from Mani’s body.  They ate the root and it was good. 

82 Manioc is central part of diet still 500 years later.  Macaxeira boiled in big strips or 

fried–sweet manioc.  Bitter manioc is high in cyanide and they figured out a way to boil and strain off the poison, then rolled out and baked to make beiju–unleavened bread.  Or they’d roast the pulp, grind, roast it again into farofa.  


85 Ode to feijoada.  Different regional variations–carioca is with black beans, 

whereas nordeste is with brown beans.  

86 Sao Paulo feijoada version has orange juice put directly in, along with cachaca.  

90 Inner drylands of the NE are called sertao deserto = desert.  Desertao = big 

desert.  Desertaoes became sertaoes


93-100 Lulu origin story.  Came from Pernambuco interior.  Born in a shack, 7th child of a poor farmer in 1945. Dad walked out on them and headed to Santos (south of Sao Paulo).  Shacked up with his wife’s cousin and had two kids (maybe 4).  He later visited north and got his wife pregnant with an 8th baby and then left again.  In 1952, his wife joins him.  By the time his dad dies he had 10 kids with Lula’s mom and 13 with her cousin. Lula’s mom eventually went to Sao Paulo where they lived in the back of a bar. At 13 he got his first factory job.  

Statement that still today the NE provides the labor for the south.

He worked his way up and at 20 in 1966 was at a car assembly plant and in no real way affected by the 1964 military coup.  Took four years before his brother convinced him to get a union card.  He married but his wife and child died during labor. He won election (reluctantly) to lead the local metal workers union. He didn’t like American food–found it disgusting.  

On the union side he created comic strips leaflets that people actually wanted to read. He was reelected in 1978.  At the time he wore his black hair in hanging ringlets that looked like a squid–hence his nickname–Lula. He remained NOT an idealogue.  


112 1st political party for the workers that spoke to their needs–this was Lula’s 

creation.

120 Quilombos still exist today tucked away outside Salvador.  These are descendents of runaway slaves

133 ‘78-81 rise of Lula and strikes that actually work (to their surprise) and win 

everyone  a pay raise

136 Feb 1980 Workers party born. 

138 Lula elected to congress in 1986. And rode that momentum to be the workers 

party nominee for first democratic elections in 1989.

161 Zelia ruinous economic plan where they froze everyone’s money…she also had a 

love affair with the minister of Justice.  She was famously incompetent.

169 another miscarriage of justice.  In 1996, a group of Landless movement were 

brutally murdered and 4 years later there was still no justice–there was a trial but they were released and two were later convicted but released and never served any jail time.  This is the quintessential BRAZIL story.

171 later 1800’s immigration with influx of Italy, Portugal, Germany to whiten 

country–all to the Southeast and almost all to Sao Paulo

172 Backwood dark NE’s–looked down upon as dark and dumb and an 

embarrassment when you could have white immigrants.

178-80 Story of Canudos (197-208 too). Late 1800s community founded by Maciel–later called Antonio the Counselor. Built into self-sustaining agricultural community.  They drew the attention of Rio as an independent group that needed to be crushed.  It tool incredible resources from the government in Rio to finally do it.

184 Moquenca–african origin dish that is a stew with fish and pepper and onions and 

coconut milk.  Emblematic of Brazilians–african, indigenous, portuguese…always a mixture.  

187-195 Machado writer background (Brits and Rio) in the late 1800s.  Celebrity writer, Brazil’s Dickens.  Founding president of Brazil’s Academy of Letters.

209 Late 1900’s NE just as bad off as a century earlier. Land distribution inequality 

was worse than economic inequality.  1% owned 40% of land.  40% of agricultural land was uncultivated while people starved–destitute.

218 The Drylands by Euclides da Cunha published in 1902–it was THE BRAZILIAN 

NOVEL.  https://www.amazon.com/gp/aw/d/0143106074  This is about the Canudos rebellion

227 Quote: Brazilians expected little of their leaders and even less of the mob in 

Congress.”  But the depth of PCs and Fernandos public squabble tested even 

this maxim

235 Rouba mas faz…he’s a thief but gets things done has been the default position of 

Brazilians for their more competent politicians and leaders.  But Fernando got nothing done.

238 Brazil public hold Fernando accountable and he resigns and is voted to be 

criminally responsible.  “Things slide backward after that, but in Brazil things 

always do.”

268 PC pulled/hid/stole $1B from Brazil over the course on Fernando’s presidency 

269 PC’s murder was an incredible and crazy scandal story worthy of a movie! And 

the trial dragged out over years.  Reflected transnational criminal organization.s 

271 Ceci assassination in 1998 was brazen and crazy.  Augusto was later indicted but 

then nothing happened. He wouldn’t be convicted until 2012.

272 “then nothing happened”

289 owners of Power book by Raymundo Faoro. From wiki: The most important of 

those was "Os Donos do Poder" (The Owners of Power). In this book, Faoro describes the history of power in Brazilian history, from pre-colonial times to approximately the end of Getúlio Vargas's first term.  In this book, Faoro gave special attention to the "estamento", or Stand, which he notes was a classification used by Karl Marx but mistranslated in the English and French translations of his German work.[1] This "Stand", which he differentiates clearly from the ruling "Elite", was dominant in the creation of modern Brazil. According to Faoro, this "Stand", a strange mixture of the nobility, the bureaucrats and the military, always attempted to use the power and wealth of the State to benefit themselves, thereby preventing the masses from ruling the country in benefit of the majority.

290 BRA doesn’t have a sense of the common good–the res publica.  Partly due to 

super concentration of wealth, dynastic  and otherwise.  But it didn’t account for the post military rule birth of a worker’s party

2002 LULA finally elected.